Amnesty Int’l Accuses Police of Torture, Bribery in Exchange for Freedom

•   IG faults report

Zacheaus Somorin in Lagos and Dele Ogbodo in Abuja

The Nigeria Police Force has been accused of systematically torturing detainees in its custody as a means of extracting confessions and lucrative bribes. This was revealed in the Amnesty International’s report published wednesday.

According to the report, detainees told Amnesty International they had been subjected to horrific torture methods, including hanging, starvation, beatings, shootings and mock executions, at the hands of corrupt officers from the feared Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS) of the police force.

“A police unit created to protect the people has instead become a danger to society, torturing its victims with complete impunity while fomenting a toxic climate of fear and corruption,” said Damian Ugwu, Amnesty International’s Nigeria researcher.

“SARS officers are getting rich through their brutality. In Nigeria, it seems that torture is a lucrative business,” he added. “Our research has uncovered a pattern of ruthless human rights violations where victims are arrested and tortured until they either make a ‘confession’ or pay officers a bribe to be released.”

Amnesty International has received reports from lawyers, human rights defenders and journalists and collected testimonies stating that some police officers in SARS regularly demand bribes, steal and extort money from criminal suspects and their families.

SARS detainees are held in a variety of locations, including a grim detention centre in Abuja known as the “Abattoir”, where Amnesty International found 130 detainees living in overcrowded cells.

Amnesty International’s research showed that in addition to its stated remit of tackling violent crime, SARS investigates civil matters and in some cases tortures detainees involved in contractual, business and even non-criminal disputes.

When asked by Amnesty International to explain why no police officers had been suspended or prosecuted for torture, the police simply denied that any torture had taken place. The report also said that a senior officer disclosed that around 40 officers alleged to have carried out various acts of torture and ill-treatment of detainees were transferred to other stations in April 2016. He did not say whether the claims against them were being investigated.

“This lack of accountability breeds and perpetuates impunity, creating an environment where SARS officers believe they have carte blanche to carry out acts of torture. This is hardly surprising when many of these officers have bribed their way to SARS in the first place. The police chiefs in charge are themselves entwined in the corruption,” said Damian Ugwu.
Apart from demanding bribes, SARS officers have been accused of stealing or confiscating property from relatives of detained suspects.

Some family members told Amnesty International that SARS officers stole their cars or withdrew all the money from their bank accounts.

The report pointed out that the majority of the victims of torture in SARS custody are poor and unable to hire legal representatives. In some cases when detainees cannot afford to pay bribes, they are simply tortured more. “Our research has exposed the callous workings of a police squad operating outside of the law and inflicting daily brutality on Nigerians who are often legally powerless to defend themselves against criminal accusations, let alone from the torture meted out by SARS,” Ugwu added.

“Depressingly, there are scant judicial or any other mechanisms in place to prevent SARS officers from subjecting vulnerable targets to human rights violations for their own financial gain.”

Despite repeated calls from Amnesty International in recent years, the Nigerian justice system has failed to prevent or punish torture. In December 2014, the Nigerian police launched a human rights manual which prohibits torture and other ill-treatment of detainees, but SARS has failed to implement it.

When a new Inspector General of Police (IG) was appointed in early 2015, it was announced that there would be reform and reorganisation of SARS, but officers attached to the unit told Amnesty International they were not aware of the reforms. A revised version of a bill to criminalise torture, which was first introduced in 2012 but was returned unsigned by the president, was passed by the House of Representatives in June 2016 and will be resubmitted to the Senate for further debates in 2016.

“With the Nigerian government’s previous attempts at stamping out torture proving completely ineffective, it is time for the authorities to ensure that officers responsible for such human rights violations are finally held accountable,” Ugwu further explained.

“Police torture is a stain on Nigerian society that must be addressed with clear orders to law enforcement officers not to inflict torture or other ill-treatment on detainees under any circumstances. There is also an urgent need for robust legislation that ensures all acts of torture are offences under Nigeria’s criminal law. All victims have a right to reparations, and steps must be taken to ensure that nobody profits from abusing detainees.”

Reacting to the damning Amnesty International report yesterday, the IG, Ibrahim Idris, faulted it, saying it was biased and unfortunate, as the police management was not given fair hearing.
Idris said the Amnesty International had taken a biased position against the Nigeria Police Force, adding that the report did not reflect the position of the police.

The police boss said Amnesty International and other civil society groups recently requested to inspect SARS detention facilities and other police detention centres across the country and were allowed to do so, only for them to allege that the cells were prearranged and kept clean because they were coming.

Idris however warned police commanders and other senior officers to ensure their officers and men operate within international best practices, as the police would not tolerate any action that would bring embarrassment to the force.