Pate Lists Risk Factors of Stroke in Nigeria

•Says 40% acute patients die within 30 days

The Coordinating Minister of Health and Social Welfare, Prof. Muhammad Ali Pate, has attributed high incidence of stroke in Nigeria to underlying factors such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, poor dietary choices, alcohol use, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle.

He said hypertension alone contributes to up to 90 percent of all stroke cases.

A statement by the Director, Press and Public Relations, Deworitshe Patricia, said the minister revealed that from hospital-based data, stroke was the most common cause of adult neurological admissions in many parts of the country.

According to Pate, up to 40 percent of patients admitted for acute strokes in Nigeria do not survive beyond 30 days.

The Minister stated this at a ministerial press briefing to commemorate the world stroke day with the theme, “Together we are #GreaterThan Stroke,” held in Abuja.

While calling for heightened awareness and proactive measures to combat the high incidence of stroke in Nigeria, Pate said that federal government launched the National Hypertension Control Initiative (NHCI) in August 2019.

According to the Minister, the initiative focuses on strengthening PHC Centres to prevent and manage hypertension.

He said the initiative has made significant progress with its simplified hypertension treatment protocol implemented in numerous PHC Centres across the country.

In addition, Pate said support heart emergencies, the Nigerian Heart Foundation had procured Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) for deployment in high-population areas such as airports.

“AEDs are portable life-saving medical devices used to revive sudden cardiac arrest victims, ” he added.

Pate, further stated that the World Stroke Organisation reports that stroke was the leading cause of disability worldwide, affecting over 12 million people each year.

Furthermore, Pate said stroke was a cardiovascular disease that occurs when the blood supply to the brain is reduced or blocked, depriving brain tissue of essential oxygen and nutrients.

“Symptoms can range from paralysis or numbness on one side of the body, confusion, difficulty speaking or swallowing, impaired coordination, to severe headaches. Immediate medical attention is vital in the event of a stroke.”

Pate disclosed that strategic policy documents aimed at preventing cardiovascular diseases had been developed- including a National Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs) Policy, Multi-Sectoral Action Plan on NCDs and national guidelines for prevention, control and management of hypertension noting that the Ministry has also developed guidelines for other NCDs- diabetes, and sickle cell disease, and currently implementing the National Tobacco Control Act 2015 and Regulations 2019.

The Minister therefore enjoined health workers to come together to share key messages on stroke prevention and take action that will help individuals understand and address these risks.

Earlier, the Director, Public Health Department, Dr. Chukwuma Anyaike, stated that Nigeria bears a significant burden of stroke noting that current data indicates crude stroke prevalence rates as high as 1331 cases.