Gowon Explains Nigeria-Biafra War, Creation of 12 States

•Says no group, tribe should dominate others 

•Insists his political party is Nigeria

Chuks Okocha in Abuja

Former military head of state and octogenarian, General Yakubu Gowon, yesterday went down memory lane, explaining why Nigeria undertook a three-year civil war and division the country into twelve states, stating it was to ensure that no tribe or zone dominates other.

Gowon who commended the League of Northern Democrats for their foresight in ensuring the unity and growth of the 19 northern states, said that his political party is Nigeria and explained it was for this reason that the civil war was fought with ‘No Victor, No Vanguished’.

Speaking when the League of Northern Democrats led by the former governor of Kano State visited him, General Gowon said: ”My position has always been that whatever the north does must serve the greater interest of Nigeria.

“From your speech, I understand that this is your intention – to ensure the north, in its current state, focuses on national unity. It was for this reason that I supported the creation of multiple states, to prevent any one region from becoming too powerful and threatening the country’s unity.

”This perspective was born out of extensive discussions with political leaders, chiefs, and various groups. The north had to make sacrifices to address fears of domination by one region, especially given the size and population of the north.

“At that time, there was considerable anxiety from the south about the north’s dominance, which nearly led to calls for secession from all regions – the west, the east, and even the north.

”This deeply worried me. I was born in Nigeria, raised in Nigeria, and served a profession that represented the country’s collective interest. My decision to advocate for state creation stemmed from a desire to prevent the fragmentation of our nation.

”Even now, I recall that at one point, people believed the north wanted to secede, just as similar claims were made about the east and the west. This fear of disintegration weighed heavily on me.

“If we had allowed it, what would we call ourselves today? We might have ended up with separate nations – whether Yoruba, Igbo, Hausa, or otherwise. I hesitate to say more, as I might risk offending someone here.

”You know I’m not affiliated with any political party. My only allegiance is to Nigeria. My profession shaped my belief in serving the country above all else, and I’ve avoided partisan politics.

“I encourage others to think beyond regional interests and focus on Nigeria as a whole. Differences in opinion are natural, but they should never prevent us from working together to resolve issues for the good of the country.”

Further according to Gowon: ”Nigeria’s population and diversity are strengths. If we can unite despite our differences, we can build the Nigeria we all envision. You’ve shared your paper with me, and I’ll review it carefully. As you mentioned, you can return at any time for further discussions or my thoughts on your proposals.

”I joked earlier that your League of Northern Democrats isn’t yet a party. It appears to be a northern group, but it’s made up of individuals from all parts of the country. The north is incredibly diverse, encompassing various tribes, such as the Igbo-speaking communities in Benue and the Yoruba presence there as well. These differences enrich our region and should encourage unity rather than division.

”The northern identity, however, is often associated with the Hausa-Fulani. Even within that label, there is significant diversity. For instance, among the Angas people, we have distinct names like “Ngas,” and they call us “Ngali.” The cultural nuances are fascinating and a testament to our rich heritage.

”Unfortunately, I feel saddened by the challenges currently facing the north, such as the emergence of groups like the Lukarawa from Mali. Their activities have only created more problems for us.

”Nonetheless, I’m honoured and delighted by your visit. Your introductions touched me deeply. Many of you are descendants of respected leaders such as Tafawa Balewa and Shagari. I see this gathering as a continuation of their legacy.

”I must commend your group’s efforts to bring over 700 members together. It’s a remarkable achievement. However, I urge you to remember that the north’s division into states was meant to preserve national unity. Whatever you do, always prioritise the nation’s interest. While cooperation among states is vital, it should never compromise Nigeria’s collective good.

”I’m impressed by your initiative and wish you success. Perhaps your movement will evolve into a national party that unites all Nigerians. While various groups work on a new constitution, I encourage you to engage with them to ensure their proposals serve the country’s best interests.

”I’ve always believed in taking the best from all ideologies – be it socialism, capitalism, or others – and applying them for the greater good. During my time in government, we valued diverse perspectives, but decisions were always made in the interest of the people and the nation.

”You’ve started something significant, and I hope you’re prepared to collaborate with others for the future of Nigeria. Your dedication gives me hope for the nation’s future.

”Let me also say that I hope your visit isn’t just about returning to the old thinking where the north prioritises the north, the west prioritises the west, and the east prioritises the east – until, of course, the Mid-West emerged to think for itself.”

Speaking earlier, the chairman of the League of Northern Democrats, former governor of Kano State, Senator Ibrahim Shekarau, told General Gowon that the mission of the LND is encapsulated in their objectives:

He listed the objectives to include: “‘To foster unity and brotherhood across the diverse ethnic, religious and cultural groups of Northern Nigeria, strengthening our common destiny;

”To build enduring political networks that promote dialogue, consultation and collaboration among Northern elites, ensuring the North’s strategic influence in Nigeria’s politics;

”To harness our collective resources to combat poverty, create opportunities for our youth, and secure sustainable development for the region; and –

”To devise practical strategies for conflict resolution, peaceful coexistence and a renewed sense of community in a multi-ethnic and multi-religious polity.”

The chairman of the group said, ”we have already begun forging alliances to realize this vision. We have met with the Northern Elders Forum (NEF) under the leadership of Prof. Ango Abdullahi, the Arewa Consultative Forum (ACF) under Alhaji. Bashir Dalhatu, and the Middle Belt Forum (MBF) under Dr. Bitrus Pogu, and we are engaging other key stakeholders across the North.

“Our ultimate aim is to build bridges that unite the North and extend hands of fellowship to the South, thereby complementing your commitment to solidifying Nigeria as one indivisible entity.”

Shekarau said that the league is not an opposition group, stating, ”We are not here to undermine or challenge the government, but to complement its efforts in addressing the North’s pressing challenges. If the North thrives, Nigeria prospers. If the North falters, the entire nation bears the weight of its collapse.

His words: ”To consolidate these efforts, Your Excellency, we are planning a Northern Nigerian Political Summit in Kaduna. This historic gathering will bring together stakeholders and leaders of thought to deliberate on our shared challenges and chart a new course for progress.

“We humbly and passionately request that you support the initiative, so that your leadership and wisdom would illuminate the path forward and inspire the next generation to carry the torch of unity and progress. We hope to return to you soon on this, sir.

”We reaffirm our gratitude for your unwavering dedication to Nigeria and your enduring belief in its promise. We pray for your continued health, strength, and long life, so that your legacy may continue to inspire and guide us toward a brighter future.”